
Originally Posted by
Waterways
It was not poppycock. Germany was no super industrial power. The UK alone stripped in in many fields of production. Economies win drawn out wars. Germany should not have won in 1940 as everything was against Germany winning. Allied ineptitude won it for them.
The idea that Britain was 'prepared' for a long drawn out conflict was poppycock!!! The OP was me rubbishing Chamberlain as an inept PM, and was not directed at the off-tangent essay you gave on the lack of German technological development [at the offset]. You say that 'economies win wars', well Britain was almost bankcrupt by early 1941. After March 1941 our gold reserve had dwindled to such a state that the U.S were 'lending' us goods and supplies - to be paid for after the end of the war.

Originally Posted by
Waterways
The 1933 German census gave 56.8% of the population in rural areas (towns less than 20,000 population) - Tooze, page 167. Tooze emphasises how backward German agriculture was. Tooze describes Germany as a medium sized workshop economy dependent on imported food. A situation Hitler did not like, as to him Germany had to be self sufficient in food and have as much natural resources as possible to compete on a world industrial scale. Hence the drive to steal land.
Cheap fast transportation, the steam ship and trains, had meant food could be transported between continents. This also prevented European famines. The USA and Canada were pouring out cereals super cheap which affected European agriculture setting it back. German, French and UK agriculture was mainly outdated to North America's. Global food production was in the hands of the USA and UK using the UK's sea lanes and massive merchant fleet to transport food - animal and human consumption. The UK produced food around its empire and other countries like the USA and Argentina linking it to the UK and empire with cheap to run and fast merchant ships. Liverpool was a massive grain importing and processing port.
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Anglo-French Alliance
In 1940 the Anglo-Franco alliance was that the French would provide the bulk of the land forces as their army was much larger. The UK would concentrate more on the navy and air - although France was large enough in these. The RN blockade of Germany was highly effective all through WW2 - Germany could not obtain essential alloys and rubber. At one time considering de-motorising the army because of no rubber.
US Aid:
Which was not aid as it had to be paid for and in gold initially stripping the UK of its gold reserves.
The UK pre-war did much trade with the USA and owned about 1/5 of US industry. The industry had to be sold off top US interests. Pre-war nearly 100% of the UK wheat came from the USA. Post 1939 they regarded this as war aid. Anything that was supplied as war aid. Deduct the normal trade and the so-called "aid" was not so great..
Yes, the British Government decided to sell its gold reserves and dollar reserves to pay for munitions, raw materials and industrial equipment from American factories. By the third quarter of 1940 the volume of British exports was down 37% compared to 1935.
Although the British Government had committed itself to nearly $10,000 millions of orders from America, Britain's gold and dollar reserves were near exhaustion.
The American Government decided to prop up Britain as it neared bankruptcy, so on 10 January 1941 they produced a Bill entitled an "Act to promote the defence of the United States" (its number, H.R. 1776, was the year of American independence) which was put before the United States Congress and which was enacted on 11 March 1941. This Act became known as Lend-Lease, whereby America would lend Britain equipment which she would pay for once the war had finished. One month later British gold and dollar reserves had dwindled to their lowest ever point, $12 million.
Under this new agreement with the American Government, Britain agreed not to export any articles which contained Lend-Lease material or to export any goods?even if British-made?which were similar to Lend-Lease goods. The American Government sent officials to Britain to police these requirements. By 1944 British exports had gone down to 31% from 1938.

Originally Posted by
Waterways
In 1775 the UK did not have much of an empire. The UK pulled out as there was little to gain from retaining the 13 colonies. They made more more money from Jamaica than all of the 13 colonies.
A fair point. We where a fledgling empire, and didn't really get going until after 1815, with the defeat of Napoleon.
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